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Johann Sebastian Bach (31 March [O.S. Soweit es Bach möglich war, hat er die Musikströmungen seiner Zeit aufgenommen und weitergeführt. [citation needed], "Bach" redirects here. -Miembro de una de las familias de músicos más extraordinarios de la historia. Lerngeschichte: Johann Sebastian Bach . CARACTERÍSTICAS -Nació en Eisenach 1685, Alemania y murió en 1750 Leipzig. While in Lüneburg, Bach had access to St. John's Church and possibly used the church's famous organ from 1553, since it was played by his organ teacher Georg Böhm. [47], In 1723, Bach was appointed Thomaskantor, Cantor of the St. Thomas School at the St. Thomas Church in Leipzig, which provided music for four churches in the city: the St. Thomas Church and St. Nicholas Church and to a lesser extent the New Church and St. Peter's Church. Trauer-Ode),[141] or other public or private occasions (e.g. Bach was born in 1685 in Eisenach, in the duchy of Saxe-Eisenach, into an extensive musical family. (31 March 1685 N.S.). [21] His role there is unclear, but it probably included menial, non-musical duties. [7] The 10-year-old Bach moved in with his eldest brother, Johann Christoph Bach (1671–1721), the organist at St. Michael's Church in Ohrdruf, Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg. März in Eisenach geboren. This was one of the dozens of private societies in the major German-speaking cities that were established by musically active university students; these societies had become increasingly important in public musical life and were typically led by the most prominent professionals in a city. The cantor at the city’s major churches from 1723–1750, Johann Sebastian Bach, during a blazing, breathtaking, and prodigious period of productivity in the early 1720s composed over 2 annual cycles of church cantatas for performance during the weekly Sunday services. During his seven-month tenure at Weimar, his reputation as a keyboardist spread so much that he was invited to inspect the new organ and give the inaugural recital at the New Church (now Bach Church) in Arnstadt, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southwest of Weimar. [97][98] He had taught Luther's Small Catechism as the Thomaskantor in Leipzig, and some of his pieces represent it. The cantata cycle of his second year in Leipzig is called the chorale cantata cycle as it consists mainly of works in the chorale cantata format. By the end of the century, local Bach societies were established in several cities, and his music had been performed in all major musical centres. -Fue el músico más grande de todos los tiempos. [6] He later extended this work into a full mass by adding a Credo, Sanctus, and Agnus Dei, the music for which was partly based on his own cantatas and partly original. Bach started a second annual cycle the first Sunday after Trinity of 1724 and composed only chorale cantatas, each based on a single church hymn. Bach usually led performances of his cantatas, most of which were composed within three years of his relocation to Leipzig. [15], Bach also wrote secular cantatas, for instance for members of the royal Polish and prince-electoral Saxonian families (e.g. [44], On 7 July 1720, while Bach was away in Carlsbad with Prince Leopold, Bach's wife suddenly died. 84–113, Discography of American Historical Recordings, Masses, Mass movements, Magnificats, Passions and Oratorios, Johann Christoph Bach (organist at Ohrdruf), Johann Christoph Bach (musician at Arnstadt), Johann Ernst Bach (musician at Saxe-Weimar), Johann Michael Bach (musician at Wuppertal), Prelude and Fugue in C major, BWV 870, from, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Johann_Sebastian_Bach&oldid=1019894174, Organists and composers in the North German tradition, People celebrated in the Lutheran liturgical calendar, Articles with dead external links from November 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles with dead external links from April 2017, Articles with International Music Score Library Project links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2015, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2019, Articles containing Italian-language text, Articles needing additional references from July 2017, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2019, Wikipedia articles incorporating the Cite Grove template, Wikipedia articles incorporating the Cite Grove template with a url parameter, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CINII identifiers, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, When, starting in the 19th century in Russia, there was a discussion about the authenticity of four-part. The Bach family already counted several composers when Johann Sebastian was born as the last child of a city musician in Eisenach. 1 in G Major, BWV 1007: I. Prélude, The Well-Tempered Clavier: Book 1, BWV 846-869: 1. His keyboard music was again performed more on the instruments Bach was familiar with, rather than on modern pianos and 19th-century romantic organs. Seine Werke werden mit dem Bachwerkeverzeichnis (BWV) katalogisiert. In 1719, Bach made the 35-kilometre (22 mi) journey from Köthen to Halle with the intention of meeting Handel; however, Handel had left the town. [214] High-resolution facsimiles of Bach's autographs became available at the Bach Digital website. J. C. Bach exposed him to the works of great composers of the day, including South German composers such as Johann Pachelbel (under whom Johann Christoph had studied) and Johann Jakob Froberger; North German composers;[5] Frenchmen, such as Jean-Baptiste Lully, Louis Marchand, and Marin Marais; and the Italian clavierist Girolamo Frescobaldi. [71] His fourth and last Clavier-Übung volume, the Goldberg Variations, for two-manual harpsichord, contained nine canons and was published in 1741. Around this time, Bach copied the works of numerous French and Italian composers to gain insights into their compositional languages, and later arranged violin concertos by Vivaldi and others for organ and harpsichord. [89][90][91], An inventory drawn up a few months after Bach's death shows that his estate included five harpsichords, two lute-harpsichords, three violins, three violas, two cellos, a viola da gamba, a lute and a spinet, along with 52 "sacred books", including works by Martin Luther and Josephus. In the last years of his life, Bach revised several of his prior compositions. For many years, members of the Bach family throughout Thuringia had held positions such as organists, town instrumentalists, or Cantors, and the family name enjoyed a wide reputation for musical talent. [93] Together with one of the composer's former students, Johann Friedrich Agricola, the son also wrote the obituary ("Nekrolog"), which was published in Mizler's Musikalische Bibliothek [de], the organ of the Society of Musical Sciences, in 1754. [112], In concerted playing in Bach's time the basso continuo, consisting of instruments such as organ, viola da gamba or harpsichord, usually had the role of accompaniment, providing the harmonic and rhythmic foundation of a piece. Genealogie V →Johann Ambrosius Bach (1645–95), Stadtpfeifer in Erfurt und Eisenach, hier auch Hofmusiker; M Elisabeth (1644–94), T d. Kürschners u. Ratsherrn Valentin Lämmerhirt in Erfurt; Gvv →Christoph Bach (1613–61), gräflicher Hof- und Stadtmusikus in Arnstadt; Gmv Maria Magdalena, T des Stadtpfeifers Grabler, Prettin; 5 B, u. a. Bach was required to instruct the students of the Thomasschule in singing and provide church music for the main churches in Leipzig. Nevertheless, during his life, Bach received public recognition, such as the title of court composer by Augustus III of Poland and the appreciation he was shown by Frederick the Great and Hermann Karl von Keyserling. [140] Only the first three Leipzig cycles are more or less completely extant. After his death, Bach's reputation as a composer at first declined: his work was regarded as old-fashioned compared to the emerging galant style. In this system a piece of music progresses from one chord to the next according to certain rules, each chord being characterised by four notes. 2 Super Audio CDs. https://www.last.fm/music/Johann+Sebastian+Bach/Bach:+Greatest+Hits [8] He was the eighth and youngest child of Johann Ambrosius,[9] who likely taught him violin and basic music theory. He called one of them a "Zippel Fagottist" (weenie bassoon player). In Dir Ist Freude Mit J. S. Bach durch das Kirchenjahr. Nach seinem … The melody of the concluding chorale often appears as a cantus firmus in the opening movement. Surviving works in the concerto form include two violin concertos (BWV 1041 in A minor and BWV 1042 in E major) and a concerto for two violins in D minor, BWV 1043, often referred to as Bach's "double concerto". [15][17] His two years there were critical in exposing Bach to a wider range of European culture. [55] A cantata was required for the church services on Sundays and additional church holidays during the liturgical year. Johann Sebastian and Maria Barbara had three more children, who however did not live to their first birthday, including twins born in 1713. Since the 19th-century Bach Revival, he has been generally regarded as one of the greatest composers of all time.[3][4]. After being orphaned at the age of 10, he lived for five years with his eldest brother Johann Christoph, after which he continued his musical formation in Lüneburg. For example, The Well-Tempered Clavier comprises two books, each of which presents a prelude and fugue in every major and minor key, displaying a dizzying variety of structural, contrapuntal and fugal techniques.[101]. [30], Bach's time in Weimar was the start of a sustained period of composing keyboard and orchestral works. Or see other languages. [48] This was "the leading cantorate in Protestant Germany",[49] located in the mercantile city in the Electorate of Saxony, which he held for 27 years until his death. [62] Year round, Leipzig's Collegium Musicum performed regularly in venues such as the Café Zimmermann, a coffeehouse on Catherine Street off the main market square. In 1708 Bach wrote Gott ist mein König, a festive cantata for the inauguration of the new council, which was published at the council's expense. But it is a very different thing when two melodies are so interwoven that they converse together like two persons upon a footing of pleasant equality. [188], In Germany all throughout the century, Bach was coupled to nationalist feelings, and the composer was inscribed in a religious revival. Obwohl Bach den Ruf als hervorragendster Organist seiner Zeit genoss, galt vielen Kritikern sein kontrapunktischer Stil als überholt. Letter to Augustus III of Poland. [61], Bach broadened his composing and performing beyond the liturgy by taking over, in March 1729, the directorship of the Collegium Musicum, a secular performance ensemble started by Telemann. [63] From around that year he started to compile and compose the set of preludes and fugues for harpsichord that would become his second book of The Well-Tempered Clavier. [180] The Sing-Akademie occasionally performed Bach's works in public concerts, for instance his first keyboard concerto, with Sara Itzig Levy at the piano. Su fecunda obra es considerada como la cumbre de la música barroca y una de las cimas de la música universal, no sólo por su profundidad intelectual, su perfección técnica y su belleza artística, sino también por la síntesis de los diversos estilos…, Johann Sebastian Bach (Eisenach, Turingia, 21 de marzo de 1685 – Leipzig, 28 de julio de 1750) fue organista y uno de los máximos exponentes del barroco musical abarcando su extensa obra tanto la música sacra como la profana. Johann Sebastian Bach hat in seinen Werken eine Vielzahl von Verzierungen (Ornamenten) verwendet. Many consist of a large opening chorus followed by one or more recitative-aria pairs for soloists (or duets) and a concluding chorale. EUR 36,99*. [13][14] He received valuable teaching from his brother, who instructed him on the clavichord. Composer and organist. At least, I have found no one to equal him in music known to me. He composed Latin church music, Passions, oratorios, and motets. Bach FAQ (english + deutsch) bzw. [165] In 1950, the design of the Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis was to keep such works out of the main catalogue: if there was a strong association with Bach they could be listed in its appendix (German: Anhang, abbreviated as Anh.). The family was also devoutly Lutheran (a religion based on the faith of its believers that God has forgiven their sins). Thus, his reputation as a composer was initially mostly limited to his keyboard music, and that even fairly limited to its value in music education. Johann Christian Bach (Leipzig, 5 de septiembre de 1735 – Londres, 1 de enero de 1782) fue uno de los veinte hijos del compositor alemán Johann Sebastian Bach. [46] Together they had 13 children, six of whom survived into adulthood: Gottfried Heinrich; Elisabeth Juliane Friederica (1726–1781); Johann Christoph Friedrich and Johann Christian, who both, especially Johann Christian, became significant musicians; Johanna Carolina (1737–1781); and Regina Susanna (1742–1809). In addition to concertos, Bach wrote four orchestral suites, each suite being a series of stylised dances for orchestra, preceded by a French overture.[163]. The early devotees were not all musicians; for example, in Berlin, Daniel Itzig, a high official of Frederick the Great's court, venerated Bach. Prince Leopold, himself a musician, appreciated Bach's talents, paid him well and gave him considerable latitude in composing and performing. As your browser speaks English, would you like to change your language to English? [176] Wilhelm Friedemann, the eldest son, performed several of his father's cantatas in Halle but after becoming unemployed sold part of the large collection of his father's works he owned. Para que todo funcione a la perfección, vuelve a cargar el sitio. 11. Even in his four-part writing we can, not infrequently, leave out the upper and lower parts and still find the middle parts melodious and agreeable. [100], Bach published or carefully compiled in manuscript many collections of pieces that explored the range of artistic and technical possibilities inherent in almost every genre of his time except opera. Johann Sebastian Bach was better known as a virtuoso organist than as a composer in his day. 3 - Satz Johann Sebastian Bach. [148] The six motets definitely composed by Bach are Singet dem Herrn ein neues Lied, Der Geist hilft unser Schwachheit auf, Jesu, meine Freude, Fürchte dich nicht, Komm, Jesu, komm, and Lobet den Herrn, alle Heiden. Ver todos los eventos, Agregar imagen He is known for instrumental compositions such as the Brandenburg Concertos and the Goldberg Variations, and vocal music such as the St Matthew Passion and the Mass in B minor. The principles of four-part harmony are found not only in Bach's four-part choral music: he also prescribes it for instance for the figured bass accompaniment. A new extensive Bach biography was published in the second half of the 19th century. Performing at weddings and funerals provided extra income for these groups; it was probably for this purpose, and for in-school training, that he wrote at least six motets. Johann Sebastian Bach FAQ richtet sich an Schüler und "Bach-Anfänger" und bietet 100 Antworten zu 100 Fragen. Johann Sebastian Bach was born on March 21st l685, the son of Johann Ambrosius, court trumpeter for the Duke of Eisenach and director of the musicians of the town of Eisenach in Thuringia. Johann Sebastian Bach (Eisenach, Turingia, 21 de marzo de 1685 – Leipzig, 28 de julio de 1750) fue organista y uno de los máximos exponentes del barroco musical abarcando su extensa obra tanto la música sacra como la profana. [96], The hundreds of sacred works Bach created are usually seen as manifesting not just his craft but also a truly devout relationship with God. Such highly placed appreciation contrasted with the humiliations he had to cope with, for instance in Leipzig. Among Bach's lesser known keyboard works are seven toccatas (BWV 910–916), four duets (BWV 802–805), sonatas for keyboard (BWV 963–967), the Six Little Preludes (BWV 933–938), and the Aria variata alla maniera italiana (BWV 989). Some examples of this characteristic of Bach's style and its influence: Bach's insistence on the tonal system and contribution to shaping it did not imply he was less at ease with the older modal system and the genres associated with it: more than his contemporaries (who had "moved on" to the tonal system without much exception), Bach often returned to the then-antiquated modi and genres. [50], Johann Kuhnau had been Thomaskantor in Leipzig from 1701 until his death on 5 June 1722. [182] A new generation of Bach aficionados emerged: they studiously collected and copied his music, including some of his large-scale works such as the Mass in B minor and performed it privately. 1 and 2, BWV 1066-1067, Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-CompartirIgual. 147, "Herz und Mund und Tat und Leben", Minuet from The Anna Magdalena Bach Notebook, Anh. The St John Passion was the first Passion Bach composed during his tenure as Thomaskantor in Leipzig. 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